6 Basic Requirements of Machine Parts

Machine parts are the basic elements that make up a machine. Only when the machine parts meet the following basic requirements, can they be qualified for use in machinery.

Strength refers to the ability of a part to not break or produce plastic deformation exceeding the allowable limit during work. This is the most basic requirement for the normal operation of the machine and safe production.

(1) Increase the size of the dangerous section of the part, and design the section shape reasonably to increase the moment of inertia of the section.

(2) The use of high-strength materials, heat treatment to increase the strength and reduce the internal stress of the materials, and control the processing technology to reduce or eliminate microscopic defects.

(3) Strive to reduce the load on the parts.

(4) Properly involve the structure of the parts to reduce the degree of stress concentration, etc.

Stiffness refers to the ability of a part to not produce more than the specified elastic deformation when working. This requirement is only for those parts that will reduce the working performance of the machine due to excessive elastic deformation.

Appropriately increase the section size of the parts, reasonably design the section shape of the parts, reasonably add stiffeners, and adopt a multi-pointing structure.

Improve the processing accuracy of the contact surface or after proper saturation, appropriately increase the contact area to reduce the unit pressure.

The service life requirement is to require the parts to maintain normal operation during the expected working period without being scrapped. This requirement is mainly for those parts that are worn or corroded when working under variable stress.

As the main factors affecting the fatigue limit of parts and materials are stress concentration, size, surface quality, and environmental conditions. Therefore, the main measures to improve the life of parts are as follows.

(1) Properly involve parts structure to reduce stress concentration.

(2) Use processed or surface strengthening treatment to improve the quality of the working surface of the parts.

(3) Reasonably select matching materials, lubricants, and lubrication methods to improve the wear resistance of parts.

(4) Use corrosion-resistant materials to make parts that work in corrosive media.

(5) Use heat treatment to improve the mechanical properties of parts materials, or use rolling, shot peening, and other processes to generate favorable residual stress on the surface of the parts.

The manufacturability requirement of the part is that under the given process conditions and production level, the part can be manufactured with less cost and labor, and it is easy to assemble. It is necessary to consider all aspects of production batch, material, blank production, processing method, assembly process, use requirements, and so on, and design the structure of the part reasonably.

The economic requirements of parts are to use lower cost and fewer man-hours to manufacture parts that meet the technical requirements. This has a close relationship with the manufacturability of the parts and affects the economics of the machine to a large extent.

It is possible to reduce material consumption, use small or no margin blanks, replace expensive materials with cheap materials, use only high-quality and expensive materials in key parts of the parts, and try to use standard parts as much as possible to improve the economy of the parts.

As the allowable space, quality limit, importance, and working conditions of the parts are different, there will be various requirements such as volume, quality, reliability, vibration stability, noise, etc., and the designer should treat them differently according to the specific conditions. 

The machine parts designed and produced by Zhongken Machinery can be adjusted in design according to the actual situation of the user. If you want to know more about machine parts after reading the above, you can get a comprehensive solution by contacting us.

As a professional parts manufacturer, we have rich production experience. We attach importance to refined production management, establish a complete quality inspection system, and will provide you with high-quality products. We also provide thoughtful one-stop service and develop effective solutions according to your needs. If you are interested in our machine parts, please contact us immediately!